Embracing Humanity for Stronger Supervision    

In this article, Dr Kati reflects on how the high drop-out rate of PhD students in Kenya prompted him to re-evaluate his role as a research supervisor. Dr Kati writes about the importance of mentorship, empathy and nurturing professional development during a student’s journey.

Illustration by Elham Ghaedi

Introduction

Supervision of postgraduate students is a role that extends beyond mere academic guidance. It’s a profound responsibility that shapes not just the scholarly pursuits but also the personal and professional growth of these early-career academics. The importance of humane actions in this sphere can hardly be overstated. While academic excellence is crucial, fostering an environment that prioritizes empathy, understanding, and ethical conduct is equally imperative. Postgraduate students are navigating complex academic landscapes, often juggling personal and professional pressures. The role of a supervisor embodies mentorship, guidance, and the provision of a safe and nurturing space where students can thrive not just as scholars but as individuals.

Successful student supervision requires supervisors to embrace humane actions by cultivating a nurturing and supportive environment. It has been said that no one cares how much you know until they know how much you care. Supervisors should be aware that many PhD candidates are mature students with diverse responsibilities and create a supportive environment for them.

Humane actions, influenced by both innate qualities and learned behaviors, can be developed by individuals. It is crucial to acknowledge that everyone has the potential to learn and develop these behaviors. Supervisors can gain the necessary knowledge and skills to engage in humane actions effectively by participating in workshops or professional development programs that focus specifically on communication, mentorship, and inclusive practices.

When I began supervising PhD students, I lacked formal training in supervision. However, the CREST online course for Doctoral Candidates at African Universities proved to be an eye-opener, highlighting the crucial need for training in this area. It equipped me with valuable knowledge and insights, helping me understand the responsibilities and best practices of being a supervisor. The course provided me with the necessary tools to effectively guide and support my students better through their academic journeys. While I was doing this course I observed that we are not doing well in terms of completion rates of Doctoral candidates. After the course, I decided to find out more about the situation in my country Kenya. Kenya has one of the highest Ph.D. dropout rates globally, standing at 50%, contrasting starkly with the less than 10% dropout rates prevalent in many developed nations. Furthermore, despite the statutory three-year duration allowed for doctoral programs, data sourced from the Commission for University Education show a significant discrepancy: numerous students take anywhere from 10 to 15 years to complete their Ph.D., while a considerable number abandon the pursuit altogether. The findings alerted me to the fact that as a supervisor of doctoral candidates, I need to up my game in contributing towards both quality and quantity in supervision. I am grateful for the opportunity to enhance my skills through this training, which has positively impacted my approach to supervision and the overall experience of my students.

My commitment to the well-being of my undergraduate students and my dedication to fostering a compassionate and respectful learning environment resulted in my recognition as the “Lecturer of the Year 2021/2022” at Kibabii University in Kenya. I accomplished several actions that caught the attention of the university, prompting them to recognize and award me. Firstly, I demonstrated evidence of continual professional development, specifically through engagement in workshops and online courses to enhance my teaching skills and stay updated with the latest educational trends. Secondly, I was recognized for offering exceptional guidance and support to students, both academically and personally, significantly impacting their success. Last but not least, I provided evidence of my engagement in educational research and the publication of my findings in academic journals. This honor affirmed the positive impact of my humane actions in engaging with students. Additionally, in that same academic year, I was also appointed as the Dean of the School of Graduate Studies at the institution. The confidence that the university management placed in me through my appointment has helped me enhance my humane actions in service to the institution.

This new role as Dean prompted me to contemplate how I could best support my fellow supervisors of graduate students in their professional development and the enhancement of their skills. Recognizing the importance of effective supervision, I initiated a seminar titled “How to Supervise,” which aimed to provide valuable insights and strategies to my colleagues. With the support of the institution’s management, the seminar was successfully organized.

The seminar facilitated meaningful discussions, knowledge sharing, and the establishment of a supportive network among supervisors. It covered the qualities of a good supervisor, the challenges encountered during supervision, and strategies for overcoming them. Additionally, we conducted interactive sessions where participants freely engaged and shared their supervision experiences. I’m pleased to share that one aspiring supervisor has committed to enrolling in the CREST online supervision program, and a few others are poised to join during the next intake. The feedback received from the seminar participants was remarkably positive and encouraging. Attendees expressed gratitude for the opportunity to learn from experienced supervisors and acquire practical tools to refine their own supervisory practices.

As Dean, I remain committed to fostering a culture of excellence in graduate supervision. I continue to explore additional avenues for professional development, such as workshops and mentorship programs, to empower supervisors and ensure the highest standards of guidance and support for our graduate students.

As Dean, I remain committed to fostering a culture of excellence in graduate supervision. I continue to explore additional avenues for professional development, such as workshops and mentorship programs, to empower supervisors and ensure the highest standards of guidance and support for our graduate students.

I have collaborated with a CREST online course alumnus named Dr. Owoche Patrick,  a lecturer at Kibabii university, Prof. Romulus Abila, the director of postgraduate studies at Maasai Mara university  and Dr. Jackson Ndolo, dean of the board of graduate studies at KCA university in Kenya to conduct a study exploring doctoral student experiences and success rates in Kenya. Our aim is to carry out a comprehensive analysis of current practices, student experiences, and the impact of academic support systems in selected universities. We hope that this research will lay the groundwork for understanding the needs and challenges faced by early career researchers, ultimately leading to more targeted and effective support mechanisms.

Illustration by Liani Malherbe

Mentorship and guidance in student supervision

Providing students with guidance and support is crucial for their academic and career development. As a supervisor, I recognize the importance of being approachable and accessible to my students. I strive to create an environment where they feel comfortable engaging with me, whether it’s in person or online.

By fostering an open and welcoming atmosphere, I encourage my students to consult with me regarding any academic issues or challenges they may face. I make it a priority to be available for discussions and offer timely feedback. This ensures that they receive the necessary support without unnecessary delays, allowing them to make progress and avoid any potential disadvantages.

I understand that effective communication and availability play a significant role in facilitating a positive student-supervisor relationship. By being approachable and responsive, I aim to instill confidence in my students, enabling them to seek guidance and openly discuss their academic aspirations, concerns, and ideas.

Through regular consultations and prompt feedback, I strive to empower my students to define their academic and career goals. By developing research plans and assisting them in navigating challenges, I provide the necessary support for their academic journey. Ultimately, my aim is to help them succeed and thrive by providing the guidance and support they need to reach their full potential.

There are instances where I encounter mismatched expectations between me and my students regarding goals, timelines, or the level of guidance required can lead to frustration. I have been addressing this challenge by setting clear, mutually agreed-upon expectations at the outset, especially during the first meeting, and revisiting them periodically to ensure alignment.

I have come across some colleagues who find it difficult to strike a balance between providing sufficient support and allowing students to develop independence and critical thinking skills. My take has been to encourage autonomy while offering guidance.

Respect and empathy in student supervision

Respect and empathy are essential qualities for supervisors when working with graduate students. In my role as a supervisor, I make an effort to recognize and appreciate the unique perspectives, experiences, and ideas that students bring to their work. I emphasize to my students that the academic idea is ultimately theirs, and my role is to assist them in shaping it into a stronger version over time.

By empathizing with my students as their proposals and theses take shape, I create a safe and inclusive space where they feel comfortable expressing themselves. I strive to foster an environment where they can openly share their thoughts, concerns, and aspirations without fear of judgment. This open and empathetic approach helps establish a trusting relationship, enabling fruitful collaborations and effective supervision.

One other way to enhance respect and empathy is by encouraging an open-door policy while supervising students, I normally make myself approachable for discussions or queries and also encourage my colleagues to follow suit. A welcoming environment where students feel comfortable seeking guidance or expressing concerns is key to enhancing good relations and interactions consequently leading to good academic progress.

Clear communication is vital to avoid confusion or misunderstandings. I prioritize ensuring that expectations and deadlines are clearly communicated to my students. This clarity helps them plan their work effectively and reduces unnecessary stress. Additionally, I encourage open discussions, addressing any concerns or questions promptly. This open-door policy promotes a supportive atmosphere where students feel valued and supported.

As the Dean of the School of Graduate Studies (SGS), I have encountered situations where some supervisors lose patience or become frustrated with students who may be struggling academically. I am dedicated to addressing such issues and fostering a supportive culture within the SGS. I provide guidance and support to supervisors, emphasizing the importance of patience, understanding, and constructive feedback. By promoting a humane approach to supervision, I aim to prevent stalemates and foster a positive learning environment for all graduate students.

Overall, by embracing respect, empathy, clear communication, and openness to discussions, I strive to create a nurturing environment where graduate students can thrive academically and personally.

Professional development during supervision

Supervisors play a crucial role in supporting the professional development of graduate students. I recognize the importance of providing opportunities for my students to enhance their skills and knowledge in their respective fields. One way I achieve this is by actively involving them in professional activities.

I recommend conferences, workshops, and networking events to my students, encouraging them to participate and present their research. Attending these events exposes them to current trends, cutting-edge research, and valuable networking opportunities. By actively engaging in such activities, students broaden their horizons, establish connections, and gain recognition within their academic communities. In addition to conferences and workshops, I also support my students in publishing their work. Some of the published works include Amwayi, E., Sirengo, J & Kati, R. (2022): MARKOVIAN Modeling of Students Performance by Cohorts in Secondary Schools. Iconic Research and Engineering Journals. Vol. 6 Issue 5; Otuma, V., Kati, R. & Wasike, D. (2022): Specialized Mathematical English as a Resource of Learning Secondary School Mathematics: A Case Study in L2 Classrooms. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science Vol VI Issue IX and Okoti, D., Kati, R. & Mutende, R (2022). Structure and Content of Sports Training Curriculum and its association with Athletes’ Achievement in Sports Academies in Kenya. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science Vol VI Issue VIII, 383-390. While collaborating with the students on research projects, I guide them through the publication process, helping them refine their findings and present them effectively. By involving them in the publication process, students gain valuable experience in academic writing, critical analysis, and presenting their research to a wider audience.

Furthermore, I actively inform my students about opportunities for grants, scholarships, and funding. I believe it is essential to share such information with them, as it can provide financial support for their research, facilitate access to resources, and open doors for further professional growth. By assisting them in securing these opportunities, I contribute to their professional advancement and help alleviate financial burdens that may hinder their progress.

I collaborate and publish with all my graduate students, recognizing the importance of giving them exposure and recognition within the academic community. Such collaborations not only enhance their research profiles but also foster a sense of accomplishment and pride in their work.

By actively involving graduate students in professional development activities, recommending conferences, workshops, publishing opportunities, and sharing information on grants and scholarships, I empower them to grow professionally. These experiences contribute to their skill set, expand their networks, and ultimately position them for success in their chosen fields.

In conclusion, supervisors play a crucial role in guiding and supporting graduate students throughout their academic journeys. By creating positive and nurturing environments, supervisors not only impart lessons about humane actions but also contribute to the timely completion of graduate programs. When well-guided, graduate students are more likely to thrive, benefiting from the supportive guidance and ultimately achieving their academic goals within the stipulated time.

Dr. Robert Kati

Postgraduate students celebrating the birthday of their Dean, Dr. Robert Kati (Pictured in a tie)

This Post Has 14 Comments

  1. Orodi Mubweka Getrude

    Dr Kati you’re part of my good story of testimony and of many other post graduate students at Kibabii University. Your humane actions, approachability and professional mentorship has made what appears a gigantic mountain in the eyes of a student turn into a mere ant- hill for easy demolition. It is not in vain, the reward from above is coming soon. Live long , Professor mtarajiwa. We love you

  2. Dr. Jonathan Mutonyi, Kibabii University, Kenya

    Inspirational thoughts for graduate supervision. However, the next article should speak to guiding students in matters policy (institutional) and ethical considerations (approvals, acknowledgements, plagiarism etc I sm proud of the author who demonstrates meticulous leadership and mentorship abilities.

  3. Pamela Naswa Khaemba

    You ate truly an academic mentor to many students. God bless you

  4. Dr. Kati you are part of my good story of testimony and of many other post graduate students at Kibabii University. Your humane actions, approachability and professional mentorship is of benefit to many students, and l am a beneficiary of the same. Your make what seems like a gigantic mountain in the eyes of a student change into a mere ant- hill for easy demolition. You’ve made Kibabii University a better place for academic
    growth..It isn’t in vain ,your reward is coming, Long live Professor Mtarajiwa.We love you!

  5. Dr. Irene Simiyu

    A very informative discussion of the relationship between supervisors and doctoral candidates. A good read for all who are supervising or hope to supervise in the near future, with very practical humane actions

  6. Macheso Isaac Situma

    I was privileged to be a doctoral student at Kibabii University, with Dr. Robert Kati as the Dean for the School of Graduate Studies. I was also fortunate to have Dr. Kati as my first supervisor, along with Dr. Robert Wafula. To be sincere, I would not be on Kibabii University’s 9th graduation list if it were not for Dr. Kati’s mentorship, guidance and empathy.

    Beyond his prescribed duties as Dean of SGS and supervisor, I have experienced Dr. Kati’s empathy in several ways. To begin with, Dr. Kati is among few supervisors who do not wait for postgraduate students to seek them out, even if it means using his personal resources. On more than one occasion, Dr. Kati drove to my workplace to explain thesis corrections after reviewing my work.

    Secondly, Dr. Kati is very prompt in responding to his students’ concerns. There was never a day Dr. Kati took more than two days with my work, whether it was submitted on a weekday or weekend, despite having several of us under his supervision. Additionally, Dr. Kati never let my calls or messages go unanswered, whether he was in high-profile meetings, during unofficial hours, or on the road.

    Lastly, and very importantly to me, when Dr. Kati realized that I had difficulties clearing my university fees, he took it upon himself to help me secure funds to enable me graduate on time.

  7. John Wenje Nyongesa

    I proudly attest that my name is on the 9th graduation list at Kibabii University courtesy best guidance and assistance by Dr. Robert Kati.
    As my supervisor you worked tirelessly with Prof. Stanley Mutsotso to ensure that I seamlessly completed my Doctorial studies on time. Your prompt responses and timely communication when approached by my colleagues and I is highly appreciated.
    Despite my being out of the country you organized and ensured I do my defenses and presentations on line (virtually). That is an effort I will always remember and honor. It was the greatest support I have received in my academic journey.
    May God bless and reward you and your family abundantly.

  8. Dr. Vincent Nick Otuma, PhD

    Dr. Kati, you are a priceless resource in the area of doctoral supervision. You have successfully combined academic rigour and humane attitude in your role as a supervisor. You believed in the ability of your students to undertake PhD program.
    As your supervisee, I recall of no incident where you expressed despair or dissatisfaction with my work despite some glaring mistakes. All I can remember is your smile and formative feedback.
    Another indispensable quality with your supervision is your concern about the general welfare of your students. Time and again you called to find out how I was doing at work place, family and Church. By so doing you helped me to easien pressure and attain a balance amidst competing priorities. This kind of helping relationship saw me complete PhD program in 24 consecutive months. I cherish you my able supervisor and Dean, School of Graduate Studies.

  9. Dr. Polycarp Muchesia Ishenyi

    My former classmate, staff mate, and now my mentor you are Dr Kati. Your article has captured just a small percentage of what you do to mankind. You have always served me excellently as a colleague and on many occasions you have gone out of your way to serve the people I have referred to you. My achievements at my current work station are associated with your mentorship. Asante sana kaka. Your future is brightening daily. May you be crowned by your Creator.
    Dr. Polycarp Muchesia Ishenyi

  10. Dr. David Okoti

    I am very grateful to Dr. Kati.
    As my first supervisor when I was undertaking my doctorate degree at Kibabii University, he held my hand and patiently, yet firmly guided me all the way. His patience, close attention, constant advise, guidance and encouragement made the journey smooth. I am truly grateful.

  11. Margaret

    I applaud you Dr. Kati for the enthusiasm employed in affirming a strong working relationship between the Supervisors and the Doctoral students.The spiritual devotion to stand in the gap and intercede for the duo has bore fruits in the scholarly journey of the Doctoral students.You are God sent to put hope in the lives of many Doctoral students,May Almighty God elevate you to higher realms as you serve him with zeal.

  12. Margaret Andeyi

    I applaud you Dr. Kati for the tireless efforts towards my scholarly journey .Dr Kati ensured that I was scheduled for defense amidst lots of opposition.By being the third eye ,Dr Kati would reach out to my Supervisors and help us work within the timelines.I am on the 9th graduation list courtesy of the sacrifices you put fort.Dr Kati guided,encouraged and assured me that it shall come to pass.Almighty God bless you and your family.

  13. Dr Kapchanga Martin

    Any serious doctoral student understands the fair pain that comes with this high-level study. A student at this rung of learning is fighting so many a challenges.
    Matters are not made any better by some research supervisors who capitalize on this opportunity to reveal their monopoly of knowledge and thrash students’ intellectual attempts at every opportunity.
    Unwarranted harassment of doctoral students especially at research stage is, in my opinion, occasioned by supervisor’s lack of professional skills,and personal incapacities in both the student and the supervisor. It is possible to have supervisors who hide their incapabilities in being indifferent and harsh to students.
    By and large, this explains why students would feel so demotivated to the level of dropping out.
    My encounter with Dr Robert Kati of Kibabii University however, paints a silhouette of hope. Dr Kati is a stubbornly meticulous researcher and supervisor. He’s keen on detail but he journeyed me through all this with a benignant approach that lacks in so many a tutors. He is a pedestal I look to with awe.
    He deserves everything good for the energy and for the heart!

  14. Dr.Muluka Ogonji Kevin

    I would like to express my sincere appreciation for your exceptional guidance and supporter of a robust working relationship between Supervisors and Doctoral students as they navigate the intricate academic landscape.Your article particularly lays emphasis on the significance of empathy, patience, wisdom, encouragement, understanding and ethical behavior within this dynamic.It is my hope that all academic mentors adopt such a mindset.I am profoundly thankful for the time and effort you dedicated to mentor me while I pursued my doctorate a few years ago.I vividly recall the discouragement I felt when I began this journey when panelists rejected my supervisors and denied me the chance to present my concept paper due to organizational politics that had nothing to do with me.Your mentorship was an invaluable journey of learning and personal development.Thank you Dr.Robert Kati, your support has played a crucial role in my professional advancement as I keep learning.God bless you.

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